Kumbira Fieldwork 2015 – Trip 2

We did a second field trip to Kumbira from October 6^th to October 11^th. I (Aimy) and Ninda Baptista participated in this field trip together with Antonio Estrelinha (a freelancer photographer). We also were accompanied by Pedro Vaz Pinto (Giant Sable project), Nito Rocha and Wolfram Brock.

During this field trip we participated in a workshop organized by the local Administration of Conda. We had the opportunity to present the project in from of representative of the regional and local government, as well as the civil society (Figure 1). The objective of this workshop was to raise awareness regarding the need to establish a natural reserve in Kumbira.

Figure 1. Ninda Baptista presenting the project during the workshop

We also met with Kumbira village school teachers to talk about the environmental education campaign we want to do with the students (Figure 2). The idea of this campaign is to build awareness about the forest importance and its biodiversity. We also had the opportunity to talk with the children and answer to some of the questions they had (Figure 3). During these meetings we had the company of Paula Reis. Paula was born and grew up in Kumbira and her family is owner of Fazenda Belita. She knows the people in the community and her participation in the environmental education activities will be vital to assure their success.

Figure 2. Ninda and Aimy meeting with the school teachers in Kumbira

Figure 3. Children at Kumbira school

In the nursery, the plants have been growing well. We measured all the plants (Figure 4) and from the 141 saplings we planted in the first field trip, 133 have survived which represent a survival rate of 94%. However, we want to wait to our next field trip to see if this survival rate is maintained. Additionally, we planted 60 more saplings and expanded the nursery (Figure 5).

Figure 4. Aimy Cáceres measuring the plants in the nursery

Figure 5. Sixty more saplings were planted in the nursery

Figure 6. Ninda teaching the children how to register the saplings data

Kumbira Fieldwork 2015 – Trip 1

The first field trip of this year was marked by the beginning of our CLP funded project and took place from August 5^th to August 9^th. During this field trip we had a meeting with the administrator of Conda (the municipality where Kumbira is located), Mr. Fernando Fonseca, where we presented the project and share some ideas and concerns. Mr. Fonseca show himself very receptive and supportive with the project.

Then we continue our trip to Kumbira, where we met with the “soba” (traditional chief of Kumbira village). In this meeting we also presented the project and asked the soba for his permission to establish an experimental nursery within the community lands (Figure 1). The “soba” kindly indicated a suitable parcel of land that we could occupied for this task and the local people we could work with.

Figure 1. Aimy Cáceres and Michael Mills meeting with Soba (Chief) Gibala from Kumbira village to discuss the nursery. The chief welcome this initiative and granted a suitable parcel of land for this purpose.

We set up the nursery with the help of two local workers, Arbino and Avelino. With the assiatnce of Michael Mills we collected saplings of native trees in the areas where old-growth forest was still present (Figure 2). Then, these saplings were planted in plastic bags and placed in the nursery that had a shade constructed by Avelino and Arbino using Inga vera branches and oil palm leaves (Figure 3).

Figure 2. Michael Mills teaching Avelino how to collect a tree sapling

Figure 3. Nursery constructed with Inga vera branches and oil palm leaves

Figure 4. From left to right: Sergio Fasz, Arbino and Avelino

THANK YOU CLP!!!

The Conservation Leadership Programme (CLP) has awarded our project with a Conservation Follow-Up Award. 

http://www.conservationleadershipprogramme.org/our-projects/latest-projects-2014/

This funding will allow us to perform conservation work on Kumbira: building awareness among local population and government, recover degraded areas and assess potential economic alternatives for the local community.

Thank you CLP!!!

Obrigado CLP!!!

Gracias CLP!!!

Kumbira Fieldwork 2014

In 2014 two field trips were done to Kumbira.

The first trip was carried out between May31^st to June 29^th, in which Hugo Pereira and Ana Leite participated, both of whom work at the Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO). Hugo is a research assistant and Ana is a MSc student at CIBIO and is doing a thesis project entitled: “Can REED (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) initiatives be used to conserve the unique Angolan Scarp forests?”

The second trip took place between August 2^nd and August 31^st, and I was joined by Henrique Costa and Ursula Franke. Henrique is a MSc student at the Science Faculty of the University of Porto and also happens to be my husband. Ursula is a German psychologist and bird ringer who had accompanied Michael Mills on other trips.

During these two field trips we did the following work:

Radio-tracking study for Gabela Akalat

A more extensive study was done to assess the home-range size and habitat preferences of Gabela Akalat. For this, mist netting was used to capture the birds, with the help of Michael Mills and Ursula Franke. To increase the species capture probability we used playback. Captured individuals were weighed, measured, tail feathers samples taken for DNA sexing and tagged using transmitters manufactured by Biotrack. Transmitters (PicoPip Ag 379) did not exceed 5% of the bird’s body weight and were attached with eyelash glue to the mantle feathers (Figure 1a & Figure 1b).

Figure 1a. Hugo Pereira and Aimy Cáceres ringing and tagging a Gabela Akalat

Figure 1b. Gabela Akalat with tramsitter

 Tagged birds were followed during five days with the help of Hugo Pereira (CIBIO, first trip) and Henrique Costa (University of Porto, second trip). Bearings for the birds were registered every hour (from 7:00h to 17:00h, with a recess at 13:00h) using a TR-100 telemetry receiver and a Yagi antenna, giving a total of 50 locations per each individual (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Henrique Costa following a tagged Gabela Akalat

Individuals were captured in four different sectors that were defined according to the forest characteristics as:

1. Invasive forest understorey and canopy is dominated by the invasive Inga vera, original from South America.

2. Natural best old-growth forest in the study area

3. Mixed forest with presence of a non-dominant Inga vera and other species

4. Coffee abandoned shaded-coffee plantations that are being transformed to agricultural plots.

A total of 16 Gabela Akalats were captured and radio-tracked. Only one bird's tag stopped functioning after 1.5 days of radio-tracking. I am not sure what happened with the tag, but as this tag was the one used in the experiments it is possible that there was some problem with the battery.

Bird point counts to register endemic species

Bird point counts were done in the “Alto Minho” area of Kumbira. The objective was to survey areas where no bird censuses were performed in 2010, 2012 and 2013. Bird point counts were done in the early morning, from sunrise (c. 6:15h) until the end of morning activity (c. 10:00h).  Point counts were done after playing a track of 30-second snippets of vocalizations of each of the threatened endemic species: Monteiro Bush-shrike, Pulitzer Longbill, Gabela Akalat and Gabela Bush-shrike. During five minutes after the playback all of the endemic species heard or seen in a 50m radius were registered, including Red-crested Turaco (Figure 3).

Figure 4. Aimy Cáceres doing a bird point count in the Alto Minho area

Repetitions were performed during the afternoon (c. 15:30 – 18:00h) only for the sample points that did not present any endemic. Sample points were separated at least 200m from each other in order to avoid double counting. A total of 83 bird point counts were performed. Gabela Akalat, Pulitzer Longbill and Red-crested Turaco were registered at some of the points. Even though Gabela Bush-shrike was not registered during point counts, Ursula captured one individual near the campsite confirming the presence of this species in the “Alto Minho” area.

Assess biomass capacity of Kumbira Forest

Ana Leite, with the help of Michael Mills, performed the vegetation surveys in selected sampling points. At each point a 10m x 10m plot was assessed for canopy cover using a densitometer and canopy height using a range finder. Tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) for every tree with DBH> 5cm was measured within the plot. 54 plots were assessed and Ana will use this data to estimate carbon stocks from tree biomass for her master thesis project.

Figure 5. Ana Leite on her way to do vegetation surveys  

Other interesting things

Ursula spent some time teaching Sergio Fasz, a person from the local village, how to set nets capture and ring birds (Figure 6). Sergido is a person eager to learn and I hope he continues collaborating with us.

Figure 6. Ursula Franke teaching Sergio Fasz to measure birds

Visitors in the camp

Juliette Mills (Luanda International School), Nito Rocha and Rui Marcão joined us for the first days of the trip in June.

Kelse Alexandre, Anabela and Dennis (from the Angola Field Group) visited our campsite in mid-June (Figure 7). Kelse has been a great help with logistics in Luanda.

Figure 7. From left to right: Dennis, Kelse and Anabela together with the research team

Presentation in Huambo

I was invited by the Instituto Superior das Ciências da Educação de Huambo (ISCED-Huambo) to give a presentation about the Mount Moco project (Figure 8). A group of teachers of ISCED-Huambo are interested in developing an education project in Mount Moco. We hope this initiative comes through as it will benefit the local population.

Figure 8. Aimy Cáceres giving a presentation in ISCED-Huambo

The project in Angolan TV

During our fiedlwork we were filmed and interviewed by people from RTP Africa for the program "Escapadelas em Angola" (Getaways in Angola). This is a beautiful program that promotes tourism in the country.
I leave the link to the video (our part is from minute 14:00 to 17:20)

Escapadelas em Angola
RTP Africa
Episodio 18 - Conda
http://www.escapadelasemangola.com/alive/index.php/programas/episodios-15-19/pgm-18

Thank you very much people from Escapadelas em Angola e RTP Africa!!!

Obrigada pessoal de Escapadelas em Angola e RTP Africa!!!

Kumbira Fieldwork 2013

Finally… news about the fieldtrip we did to Kumbira.

Let’s begin with Luanda, where we (Francisco Maiato, Michael Mills and I) gave a presentation to the students of the Science Faculty of the Agostinho Neto University (UAN) (Figure 1). This presentation was a great opportunity to promote the conservation projects we are developing in Angola and to encourage students to participate in these projects.

Figure 1. Michael Mills and I giving a presentation in UAN

Then…all the way to Kumbira!!

Bird point counts were done with the help of Michael Mills (who has been training me in bird species identification). Point counts were done during 10 minutes in the early morning (6:15h-10:00h) in forest stands that were old growth and secondary growth. Vegetation variables were also measured in these points.

A total of 54 bird (see list at the end) species were registered in 50 sampling points. Statistical analyses are being performed to establish differences in bird community.

A radio-tracking pilot study was performed with two individuals of Gabela Akalat and Gabela Bush-shrike. The objective was to evaluate if radio-tracking could be used to study habitat use and home range of endemic species. Birds were captured using mist-netting. A decoy and playback were used to increase capture probability of Gabela Bush-shrike (Figure 2). Captured birds were tagged using transmitters manufactured by Biotrack (Figure 3 and 4). Tagged birds were followed during 10 days and bearings were registered every 2 hours (from 7:00h to 17:00h) using a TR-100 telemetry receiver and a Yagi antenna (Figure 5). Data is being analysed using the software Locate, Quantum GIS and R.

Figure 2. A decoy was used to increase capture probability of Gabela Bush-shrike

Figure 3. Gabela Akalat with 0.47g tag

Figure 4. Gabela Bush-shrike with 1.25g tag

Figure 5. Looking for the tag signal

Conservation Issues

Farming for Luanda. More areas are being cleared for agriculture (Figure 6). People are not only farming for subsistence but also to sell products in Luanda. In different occasions we saw trucks taking bananas, tomatoes, pineapples and pumpkins to be sold in Luanda. Some people mentioned that is more profitable to send their products to Luanda than to nearer cities like Sumbe.

Figure 6. Cleared areas for agriculture

Selective Logging. Selective logging is taking place in Kumbira. A piece of wood can cost 8-17 USD depending on the wood quality. Each tree can give up to 30 pieces of wood, meaning that a tree in Kumbira is being cut for 240-510 USD (Figure 7). Loggers have chainsaws and wood is usually taken out from Kumbira by trucks on Sundays (probably less control by authorities). The Administrator of Conda mentioned this problem and that they have already fined different persons and confiscated logging equipment.

Figure 7. Logged tree in Kumbira

Visitors in the camp

During our stay in Kumbira we received visitors in the camp:

Juliette Mills (from Luanda International School) and Rui Marcão (Portuguese birder) spend a couple of days with us at the beginning of the trip.

Mrad and Inge Shaia and their friends visited us at the end of June. They were South African tourists travelling around Angola.

Kelse Alexandre, Henrietta and Takko Konning from the Angolan Field Group visited the camp at the beginning of July.

Bruce Bennett, a Zimbabwean living for 20 years in Angola, spent a couple of days with us just before we left the field.

It was great to have all these people around and to see that different persons are interested in Kumbira.

Bird species registered during point counts

Nº	Scientific name	English name
1	Accipiter badius	Shikra
2	Turtur afer	Blue-spotted Wood Dove
3	Tauraco erythrolophus	Red-crested Turaco
4	Tockus alboterminatus	Crowned Hornbill
5	Tricholaema hirsuta	Hairy-breasted Barbet
6	Pogoniulus bilineatus	Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird
7	Campethera cailliautii	Green-backed Woodpecker
8		Woodpecker sp.
9	Smithornis capensis	African Broadbill
10	Batis minulla	Angola Batis
11	Dyaphorophyia castanea	Chestnut Wattle-eye
12	Dyaphorophyia concreta	Yellow-bellied Wattle-eye
13	Black-backed Puffback	Black-backed Puffback
14	Dryoscopus angolensis	Pink-footed Puffback
15	Campephaga petiti	Petit's Cuckooshrike
16	Oriolus auratus	African Golden Oriole
17	Elminia sp.	African Blue Flycatcher
18	Terpsiphone sp.	African Paradise Flycatcher
19	Trochocercus nitens	Blue-headed Crested Flycatcher
20	Parus funereus	Dusky Tit
21	Pycnonotus tricolor	Dark-capped Bulbul
22	Chlorocichla falkensteini	Falkenstein Greenbul
23	Phyllastrephus fulviventris	Pale-olive Greenbul
24	Bleda syndactylus	Red-tailed Bristlebill
25	Chlorocichla flaviventris	Yellow-bellied Greenbul
26	Nicator vireo	Yellow-throated Nicator
27	Andropadus latirostris	Yellow-whiskered Greenbul
28	Macrosphenus pulitzeri	Pulitzer's Longbill
29	Apalis jacksoni	Black-throated Apalis
30	Apalis rufogularis	Buff-throated Apalis
31	Camaroptera harterti	Hartert's Camaroptera
32	Prinia subflava	Tawny-flanked Prinia
33	Illadopsis fulvescens	Brown Illadopsis
34	Sylvietta virens	Green Crombec
35	Hylia prasina	Green Hylia
36	Hyliota australis	Southern Hyliota
37	Zosterops senegalensis	African Yellow White-eye
38	Cinnyricinclus leucogaster	Violet-backed Starling
39	Turdus pelios	African Thrush
40	Pseudalethe poliocephala	Brown-chested Alethe
41	Stizorhina fraseri	Fraser's Rufous Thrush
42	Muscicapa caerulescens	Ashy Flycatcher
43	Erythropygia leucosticta	Forest Scrub Robin
44	Sheppardia gabela	Gabela Akalat
45	Cossypha natalensis	Red-capped Robin-Chat
46	Hedydipna collaris	Collared Sunbird
47	Cyanomitra verticalis	Green-headed Sunbird
48	Cyanomitra olivacea	Olive Sunbird
49	Cinnyris chloropygius	Olive-bellied Sunbird
50	Cinnyris superbus	Superb Sunbird
51	Ploceus nigricollis	Black-necked Weaver
52	Ploceus bicolor	Dark-backed Weaver
53	Nigrita canicapillus	Grey-headed Nigrita
54	Serinus capistratus	Black-faced Canary